The Northern Lights

A band of neon green light streaks across a night sky above a silhouette of mountains

The northern lights are moving bands of light that appear in the sky, especially in regions near the Arctic.  This type of light display is known as an Aurora, and is caused when highly charged solar wind particles coming from the sun collide with air molecules in the earth's atmosphere.  The energy from that collision is transferred into light of varying colors.  To us it looks like it is dancing.  The bands of light can appear as curtains, rays, spirals, or just flickers across the sky.  Auroras don't just appear in the north, though.  They also appear in the south near the Antarctic.  The northern lights are known as Aurora Borealis, and the southern lights are known as Aurora Australis.  There have even been a few times recently where a geothermal storm has caused the auroral range to widen, and we have been lucky enough to see them here in Ohio!

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The night sky almost entirely lit up in neon pink and purple streaks over a silhouette of mountains and trees below
Three bands of neon green streams of light appear in the dark night sky.  The neon green color is reflected in the water below.
Did You Know?
  • The Aurora is named after the Roman goddess of the Dawn.
  • Other planets in the Solar System, brown dwarfs, comets, and some natural satellites can also have auroras.
  • Auroras can be a variety of different colors and wavelengths.  They can be red, green, blue, ultraviolet, or infrared.  They could even be yellow or pink, but those colors are extremely rare to see.
  • Some of the main places where you can see the Aurora Borealis are Alaska, Canada, Iceland, Greenland, the Faroe Islands, Scandinavia, Finland, Scotland, and Russia.
  • The greatest geomagnetic storm ever observed was called the Carrington Event, and auroras could be seen everywhere, even in the tropics!